Naloxone is used to reverse respiratory distress from what type of overdose?

• A. Opioid overdose
• B. Non-opioid overdose
• C. Alcohol intoxication
• D. Stimulant overdose

Answer: (A)

Naloxone reverses respiratory distress from opioid overdose because it is an opioid receptor antagonist that binds to mu receptors and blocks the depressant effects of opioids on the brainstem. Opioids slow and shallow breathing by activating these receptors; when naloxone occupies the receptors, it displaces the opioids, rapidly restoring the brain’s drive to breathe. This effect specifically targets opioid-induced respiratory depression, so naloxone won’t reverse overdoses from alcohol, stimulants, or other non-opioid substances. Keep in mind that the reversal can wear off while opioids are still in the system, so monitoring is important and additional dosing may be needed.